"""
Custom exceptions for IoT Bridge.

This module defines a hierarchy of exceptions for better error handling
and debugging. All exceptions inherit from BridgeError base class.

Exception Hierarchy:
    BridgeError (base)
    ├── ConfigurationError
    ├── ConnectionError
    │   ├── MQTTConnectionError
    │   └── OdooAPIError
    ├── DeviceError
    │   ├── DeviceNotFoundError
    │   └── ParserError
    └── ValidationError
        └── ConfigValidationError
"""

from typing import Any


class BridgeError(Exception):
    """
    Base exception for all IoT Bridge errors.

    All custom exceptions should inherit from this class to enable
    catching all bridge-specific errors with a single except clause.

    Attributes:
        message: Human-readable error description
        details: Optional dictionary with additional context
    """

    def __init__(self, message: str, details: dict | None = None):
        """
        Initialize bridge error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            details: Optional context dict (e.g., {"device_id": "xyz"})
        """
        self.message = message
        self.details = details or {}
        super().__init__(message)

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        """Return formatted error message with details."""
        if self.details:
            details_str = ", ".join(f"{k}={v}" for k, v in self.details.items())
            return f"{self.message} [{details_str}]"
        return self.message


# ============================================================================
# Configuration Errors
# ============================================================================


class ConfigurationError(BridgeError):
    """
    Raised when configuration is invalid or missing.

    Examples:
        - Missing required configuration file
        - Invalid YAML syntax
        - Missing required configuration fields
    """

    def __init__(self, message: str, path: str | None = None, details: dict | None = None):
        """
        Initialize configuration error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            path: Optional path to configuration file
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.path = path
        full_details = details or {}
        if path:
            full_details["path"] = path
        super().__init__(message, full_details)


class ConfigValidationError(ConfigurationError):
    """
    Raised when configuration validation fails.

    Examples:
        - Invalid port number (e.g., port=-1)
        - Invalid URL format
        - Invalid device configuration
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        message: str,
        field: str | None = None,
        value: Any = None,
        path: str | None = None,
        details: dict | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Initialize config validation error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            field: Name of the invalid field
            value: The invalid value
            path: Optional path to configuration file
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.field = field
        self.value = value
        full_details = details or {}
        if field:
            full_details["field"] = field
        if value is not None:
            full_details["value"] = value
        super().__init__(message, path, full_details)


# ============================================================================
# Connection Errors
# ============================================================================


class ConnectionError(BridgeError):
    """
    Base class for connection-related errors.

    Examples:
        - Network timeouts
        - Connection refused
        - Authentication failures
    """

    def __init__(self, message: str, service: str | None = None, details: dict | None = None):
        """
        Initialize connection error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            service: Service name (e.g., 'mqtt', 'odoo')
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.service = service
        full_details = details or {}
        if service:
            full_details["service"] = service
        super().__init__(message, full_details)


class MQTTConnectionError(ConnectionError):
    """
    Raised when MQTT broker connection fails.

    Examples:
        - Cannot connect to MQTT broker
        - Authentication failed
        - Connection lost unexpectedly
        - Subscribe/publish failures
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        message: str,
        broker: str | None = None,
        port: int | None = None,
        details: dict | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Initialize MQTT connection error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            broker: MQTT broker address
            port: MQTT broker port
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.broker = broker
        self.port = port
        full_details = details or {}
        if broker:
            full_details["broker"] = broker
        if port:
            full_details["port"] = port
        super().__init__(message, service="mqtt", details=full_details)


class OdooAPIError(ConnectionError):
    """
    Raised when Odoo API communication fails.

    Examples:
        - HTTP request failures
        - Authentication errors
        - Invalid API responses
        - Network timeouts
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        message: str,
        status_code: int | None = None,
        response: dict | None = None,
        details: dict | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Initialize Odoo API error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            status_code: HTTP status code (if applicable)
            response: API response body (if available)
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.status_code = status_code
        self.response = response
        full_details = details or {}
        if status_code:
            full_details["status_code"] = status_code
        if response:
            full_details["response"] = response
        super().__init__(message, service="odoo", details=full_details)


# ============================================================================
# Device Errors
# ============================================================================


class DeviceError(BridgeError):
    """
    Base class for device-related errors.

    Examples:
        - Device not configured
        - Parser errors
        - Invalid device state
    """

    def __init__(self, message: str, device_id: str | None = None, details: dict | None = None):
        """
        Initialize device error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            device_id: Optional device identifier
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.device_id = device_id
        full_details = details or {}
        if device_id:
            full_details["device_id"] = device_id
        super().__init__(message, full_details)


class DeviceNotFoundError(DeviceError):
    """
    Raised when a device is not found in configuration.

    Examples:
        - Received MQTT message for unconfigured device
        - Device removed during runtime
    """

    def __init__(self, device_id: str, message: str | None = None):
        """
        Initialize device not found error.

        Args:
            device_id: The device identifier that was not found
            message: Optional custom message
        """
        self.device_id = device_id
        msg = message or f"Device not found: {device_id}"
        super().__init__(msg, device_id=device_id)


class ParserError(DeviceError):
    """
    Raised when message parsing fails.

    Examples:
        - Invalid message format
        - Unsupported device type
        - Missing required fields in payload
    """

    def __init__(self, message: str, topic: str | None = None, payload: dict | None = None):
        """
        Initialize parser error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            topic: MQTT topic (if applicable)
            payload: Message payload (if applicable)
        """
        self.topic = topic
        self.payload = payload
        details: dict[str, Any] = {}
        if topic:
            details["topic"] = topic
        if payload:
            details["payload_keys"] = list(payload.keys()) if isinstance(payload, dict) else None
        super().__init__(message, details=details)


# ============================================================================
# Validation Errors
# ============================================================================


class ValidationError(BridgeError):
    """
    Base class for validation errors.

    Examples:
        - Invalid input data
        - Schema validation failures
        - Business rule violations
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        message: str,
        field: str | None = None,
        value: Any = None,
        details: dict | None = None,
    ):
        """
        Initialize validation error.

        Args:
            message: Error description
            field: Name of the field that failed validation
            value: The invalid value
            details: Additional context
        """
        self.field = field
        self.value = value
        full_details = details or {}
        if field:
            full_details["field"] = field
        if value is not None:
            full_details["value"] = value
        super().__init__(message, full_details)


# ============================================================================
# Utility Functions
# ============================================================================


def wrap_exception(exc: Exception, context: str) -> BridgeError:
    """
    Wrap a generic exception in a BridgeError with context.

    This is useful for converting standard library exceptions (e.g., OSError,
    ValueError) into BridgeError instances while preserving the original
    error message and adding context.

    Args:
        exc: The original exception
        context: Description of what was being done when error occurred

    Returns:
        BridgeError instance wrapping the original exception

    Example:
        try:
            with open(config_file) as f:
                config = yaml.load(f)
        except (OSError, yaml.YAMLError) as e:
            raise wrap_exception(e, f"Loading config from {config_file}")
    """
    message = f"{context}: {str(exc)}"
    details = {"original_exception": type(exc).__name__, "original_message": str(exc)}
    return BridgeError(message, details)